b'Program NotescontinuedVI. Chauri Chaura When Gandhi received the news of the tragedy at Chauri Chaura, he was devastated. On February 4, 1922, a mob that had been chanting praise of Gandhi set upon 23 policemen, who retreated to their precinct, wherein the mob burned them alive. Gandhi immediately made the stunning decision to call off the nationwide movement of civil disobedience he had initiated in response to the Amritsar massacre and Rowlatt Act. This was truly a shocking decision with which many of his fellow members of the Congress party disagreed, but he insisted, emphasizing his repudiation of the violence at Chauri Chaura with a 5-day fast. In spite of his strategic retreat, the British arrested Gandhi on March 10. In this movement, we hear the horrifying dissonance of the policemen burned alive, after which a delirious, harmonic-dominated cadenza represents Gandhis fast. The British fanfare from the first movement returns as Gandhi is arrested and his followers at the Sabarmati ashram sing Vaishnava Janato. VII. Salt March This movement, based directly on conversations between the composer and Ela Gandhi when we met at Phoenix in South Africa on September 14, 2017, represents the most iconic decision of Gandhis life. After Chauri Chaura provoked a self-imposed exile of nearly 8 years from the political realm, Gandhi saw the need to rejoin the fight for swaraj, or self-rule. Congress gave the British all of 1929 to respond to the demands for dominion status or independence, and when no response came, it was determined that another satyagraha would be necessary. But what? Gandhi saw that the law preventing Indians from collecting or making their own salt was one that members of all religions and geographic regions could agree to resist. He also saw that he would have to walk a long way to attract attention to the cause, so he walked 240 miles from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi in March and April of 1930 in order to make salt. Those who marched with Gandhi sang both Raghupathi Raghava Raja Ram and Vaishnava Janato during this march, so this movement includes both hymns, even at the same time! The seventh movement also draws from the ancient raga gara to convey the epic scope of Gandhis vision and the history-altering impact of his decision, for indeed, a line could be drawn from the Salt March directly towards Indian independence 17 years later. The concerto ends on an ambivalent, bittersweet harmony of two tonalities at once'